В Интернете часто можно встретить такие вопросы (особенно в названиях тем на форумах): «Как научиться программировать?», «С чего начать программирование?», «Для чего нужен Си?», «С какого языка лучше начать» и т.п. На самом деле, секрет программирования прост. Программирование, как и любая серьёзная наука, держится на фундаменте. Поэтому иногда и можно встретить такие заявления, как «PHP можно выучить за две недели». Как? Неужели люди могут знать сразу 12 языков программирования? А если посмотреть требования, предъявляемые при приёме людей на работу, так вообще свихнуться можно!
Всё гораздо проще. Нужно выучить основы программирования. В основе всего программирования и любого языка в частности лежат принципы алгоритмизации. Здесь нужно оговориться, что я рассказываю это всё, не вдаваясь в ненужные новичку подробности.
Как и обыкновенный язык, русский или английский, все языки программирования разные, но во многом при этом похожи. Например, и русский и английский состоит из букв, слов, предложений. В каждом языке есть времена, части речи. В программных языках – то же самое. Различаются они, в основном, написанием и своей спецификацией. Но основы остаются.
В каждом языке, например, есть переменные, циклы, условные операторы, структуры. В объектно-ориентированных языках (во всех) – классы, объекты, принципы инкапсуляции, полиморфизма, наследования и так далее.
Значит, чтобы научиться программировать, нужно изучить основы алгоритмизации, а чтобы их лучше понять, нужно учить алгоритмизацию в контексте (то есть на примере) какого-нибудь языка программирования.
Самым распространённым языком для новичков считается, несомненно, Pascal (Delphi). Паскаль был даже создан в образовательных целях. Но он особенно хорош, если знаешь английский.
В последнее время всё больше пропагандируется изучение сразу языков Си или C++. Дело в том, что Pascal и Delphi перестали поддерживаться компаниями, а это значит, что среды программирования (программы для создания своих программ) для этих языков больше не обновляются. Си же – это промышленный язык, хоть и сложный.
С какого языка начинать изучение программирования решать каждому. Но это не столь важно. Поняв принципы алгоритмизации в одном языке, вы сможете быстро перейти на другой. Ведь основные конструкции будут в разных языках идентичны, отличаться будет только написание. Только странно, что этот небольшой секрет программистов очень редко можно увидеть в сети.
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Interior design courses were established, requiring the publication of
textbooks and reference sources. Historical accounts of interior designers and
firms distinct through the decorative arts specialists were presented.
Organisations to education, qualifications, standards
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Interior design was once seen as playing a 2nd role to architecture.
It also has numerous connections along with other
design disciplines, regarding the work of architects,
industrial designers, engineers, builders, craftsmen, etc.
For these reasons, the us government of home design standards and qualifications was often included in other professional organisations that involved
design.[18] Organisations like the Chartered Society of Designers, established in the UK in 1986,
plus the American Designers Institute, founded in 1938,
governed some other part of design.
It has not been until later that specific representation with the interior design profession got
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established in 1957, during the UK the Interior Decorators and Designers Association was established in 1966.
Across Europe, other organisations such as The Finnish Association of Interior Architects (1949) were being established plus in 1994 the International Interior Design Association was founded.[18]
Ellen Mazur Thomson, author of Origins of Graphic Design in America
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